How to Report a Chi-Square Test

The 3 main types of Chi-square tests are:

  1. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test: used to compare the distribution of a categorical variable (with more than 2 levels) to a hypothetical distribution.
  2. Chi-square homogeneity test: used to test whether 2 groups (coming from 2 different samples) have the same distribution regarding a certain categorical variable.
  3. Chi-square independence test: used to evaluate if 2 categorical variables are related or independent of each other.

Information that should be reported

Reporting the use of a Chi-square test

No matter which version of the Chi-square test you use, the following information should be reported in the METHODS section of your research paper:

  • the assumptions of the Chi-square test (the observations should be drawn independently from the population, and most levels of the categorical variable (>80%) must contain at least 5 observations)
  • the type of Chi-square test used (i.e. goodness-of-fit, homogeneity, or independence test)
  • the objective of the test
  • the threshold for statistical significance, generally set at 0.05.

Reporting the results of a Chi-square test

The following should be reported in the RESULTS section of your research paper:

  • the results of the Chi-square test:
    • the value of the Chi-square statistic
    • the degrees of freedom
    • and the p-value
  • the consequence/interpretation of these results

More details

The links below provide detailed information with examples on how to report each type of Chi-square test: